City-state城邦
4500 BCE – 1900 BCE公元前4500 – 前1900年
Sumer苏美尔
Capital首都 · Uruk / Ur乌鲁克·乌尔
The world's first cities and writing arose among the Sumerian city-states of southern Mesopotamia.世界最早的城市与文字,诞生于美索不达米亚南部的苏美尔城邦。
The world's first cities and writing arose among the Sumerian city-states of southern Mesopotamia.世界最早的城市与文字,诞生于美索不达米亚南部的苏美尔城邦。
Sargon of Akkad forged the world's first multi-ethnic empire.阿卡德的萨尔贡缔造了世界上第一个多民族帝国。
A militarized Mesopotamian empire, at its height the largest the world had yet seen.军事化的两河帝国,鼎盛时为当时世界最大。
Home of Hammurabi's law code and, later, the Hanging Gardens and Nebuchadnezzar's splendor.汉谟拉比法典之邦,后有空中花园与尼布甲尼撒的辉煌。
Presided over the Islamic Golden Age of science and learning from Baghdad's House of Wisdom.以巴格达「智慧宫」为中心,主持伊斯兰科学与学术的黄金时代。